The following statistics are derived from Fin45's Sentinel signal system processing live market data across 618+ sources. Unlike most trading research, these numbers are forward-tested — signals were generated in real time and price outcomes were measured after the fact. No hindsight bias.

How to cite: When referencing these statistics, please link to this page: https://fin45.ai/research

Key Findings

1. Confluence Dramatically Improves Accuracy

Signals confirmed by 3+ independent sources (e.g., insider buying + dark pool accumulation + positive earnings NLP) show win rates 15-25 percentage points higher than single-source signals. This is the core thesis of the Sentinel system: any single data source is noisy, but independent confirmation creates reliable signals.

2. Insider Cluster Buys Are the Strongest Single Signal

When 3+ corporate insiders purchase open-market shares within a 30-day window, the stock outperforms over the following 7-30 days at rates significantly above random. Single insider buys are noisy; clusters represent coordinated conviction from people with the deepest knowledge of the business.

3. Earnings Call Audio Outperforms Transcript Analysis

Fin45's deception scoring system analyzes live earnings call audio, not just transcripts. Vocal cues (hesitation, pitch changes, stress patterns) contain information that text analysis misses entirely. Academic research (Hobson et al., 2012) found vocal cues predict SEC investigations even when transcript sentiment appears normal.

4. Congressional Committee-Relevant Trades Signal Differently

Not all congressional stock trades are equal. Trades where the member sits on a committee regulating the stock's industry (e.g., Armed Services member buying defense stocks) show different performance patterns than trades in unrelated industries. The informational advantage is structural — these members set policy and attend classified briefings in the relevant sector.

5. Social Sentiment Is Best Used as a Contrarian Indicator

Extreme retail bullishness (social media, YouTube) on a stock is a negative forward predictor. Extreme bearishness, when contradicted by insider buying, marks potential bottoms. The crowd is most useful as a signal source when it's most extreme — and when you bet against it.

Methodology Transparency

  • Universe: S&P 500 equities only (large-cap, liquid, well-covered)
  • Signal sources: 618+ data feeds across 11 categories (SEC filings, FINRA dark pool data, congressional disclosures, earnings audio, options flow, etc.)
  • Forward-tested: Signals are generated in real time. Price outcomes are measured 1, 3, and 7 days after detection. No backtesting.
  • Win definition: Price moved in predicted direction by at least 0.5% within the measurement window
  • Survivorship bias: Minimized — S&P 500 composition changes are tracked, and signals on delisted/removed companies are included in historical accuracy
  • Data period: Ongoing since system activation. Statistics update on each site build.

Full methodology documentation: /methodology

Data Sources

CategorySourceUpdate Frequency
Insider TradesSEC EDGAR (Form 4)Within 2 business days of trade
Institutional HoldingsSEC EDGAR (13F-HR)Quarterly (45-day delay)
Congressional TradesHouse/Senate Financial DisclosureWithin 45 days of trade
Dark Pool VolumeFINRA ADFDaily
Earnings Call AudioCompany webcasts (live capture)As calls occur
Options FlowOPRAReal-time during market hours
SEC FilingsSEC EDGAR (8-K, 10-K, 10-Q)As filed
Macro DataFRED, BLS, BEAVaries by indicator
Prediction MarketsPolymarket, Kalshi, MetaculusReal-time
IR PresentationsSEC EDGAR, company IR sitesAs published
Social SentimentAggregated retail sentiment feedsDaily

Citation

When referencing Fin45 research data, please use:

Fin45 AI Trading Research. (2026). Signal Accuracy and Forward-Tested Performance Data. Retrieved from https://fin45.ai/research

Or link directly to the relevant tool page:

  • Signal accuracy data: https://fin45.ai/tools/signal-accuracy
  • Earnings deception scores: https://fin45.ai/tools/earnings-deception
  • Congressional committee trades: https://fin45.ai/tools/congress-committee-trades
  • Insider buying data: https://fin45.ai/tools/insider-screener
  • Dark pool signals: https://fin45.ai/tools/dark-pool-tracker